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2.
Indian Heart J ; 2023 Apr; 75(2): 145-152
Artigo | IMSEAR | ID: sea-220974

RESUMO

Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and adverse events of percutaneous occlusion among patients with sufficient and deficient rims. Methods: A systematic review of all articles published in the Pubmed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases was performed. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were used as a measure of effect of the combination of studies. I2 with 95% CI was estimated to assess study heterogeneity. For the meta-analysis, a random effects model was used. Results: The systematic search identified ten studies which included 4355 patients; 2661 of those had sufficient rim and the remaining 1694 patients showed some rim deficiency. Implant failure rate was 4.13% CI 95% 3.53e4.72%. Compared to frequency of failures in the group with a deficient rim (5.43% CI 95% 4.35e6.50%), implant failure in patients with a sufficient rim was significantly lower (3.30% CI 95% 2.62e3.97%), OR 2.27 CI 1.34e3.83 (p 0.002). The combined adverse events were 5.19% CI 95% 4.22e6.35% vs 2.7% CI 95% 2.08e3.31% in the deficient vs sufficient rim groups respectively (OR 2.21 CI 0.93e5.29; p 0.07). Implant failures and adverse events were more frequent in patients with posterior inferior rim deficiency. Conclusion: Patients presenting a posteroinferior rim deficiency are associated to both, an increased incidence of closure failure and a combined adverse events occurrence. More studies on posterior rim deficiency are necessary to ensure the feasibility and safety of the percutaneous approach.

10.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 74(5): 385-390, oct. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-734405

RESUMO

Los pacientes anticoagulados crónicamente que son sometidos a cirugías electivas requieren la suspensión temporaria de los antagonistas de vitamina K. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la incidencia de eventos tromboembólicos y hemorrágicos en pacientes anticoagulados sometidos a un procedimiento invasivo, aplicando un protocolo de manejo de anticoagulación en el perioperatorio. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con datos obtenidos de manera prospectiva, donde se incluyeron mayores de 18 años que ingresaron para la realización de una cirugía electiva. Recibieron sustitución con enoxaparina aquellos con fibrilación auricular(FA) de moderado y alto riesgo de evento tromboembólico, pacientes con reemplazo con válvula cardíaca mecánica(VCM) de moderado y alto riesgo de evento tromboembólico y con tromboembolismo venoso(TEV) de alto riesgo de evento tromboembólico. Se evaluaron los eventos embólicos y hemorrágicos en el perioperatorio. Setenta y ocho recibieron sustitución con enoxaparina en el perioperatorio, edad promedio de 69.4 ± 11.9 años. Veintiocho tenían FA (36.4%), 12 TEV (15.6%) y 37 VCM (48.1%). En el postoperatorio hubo un evento embólico (1.6%) y 12 eventos hemorrágicos (15.4%) de los cuales 10 fueron menores (12.8%) y 2mayores (2.6%). La seguridad de la sustitución con enoxaparina aún es cuestionable, y se deberán esperar estudios aleatorizados, comparando diferentes estrategias de sustitución con heparinas versus la suspensión del tratamiento anticoagulante en el período perioperatorio para una conclusión definitiva.


Anti-coagulated patients who undergo elective surgery require temporary interruption of vitamin K antagonists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of thromboembolic events and bleeding complications in anti-coagulated patients undergoing elective invasive procedures by using an institutional management protocol. This was a descriptive study with prospective follow-up that included patients over 18 year old anti-coagulated with vitamin K antagonists, undergoing elective surgery. Those with atrial fibrillation (AF) at moderate and high risk of thromboembolic events, with mechanical heart valve (MCV) at moderate and high risk of thromboembolic events, and patients' venous thromboembolism (VTE) at high risk of thromboembolic events received bridging therapy with enoxaparin. Embolic and bleeding events in the pre-operative period were recorded. Seventy- eight received bridging, mean age 69.4 ± 11.9 years. Twenty-eight had AF (36.4 %), 12 had VTE (15.6 %) and 37 had MCV (48.1 %). Postoperatively, 1 embolic event (1.6 %) and 12 bleeding events (15.4 %) were documented, of which 10 were minor (12.8 %) and 2 major (2.6 %). The safety of bridging therapy is still under debate, and we should await the result of randomized studies comparing different strategies of bridging vs. interruption of anticoagulant therapy in the pre-operative period prior to reaching a definitive conclusion.


Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos/métodos , Hemorragia/epidemiologia , Assistência Perioperatória/métodos , Tromboembolia/epidemiologia , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inibidores , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Fibrilação Atrial/cirurgia , Enoxaparina/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Hemorragia/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia/prevenção & controle , Incidência , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Tromboembolia/tratamento farmacológico , Tromboembolia/prevenção & controle
11.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 74(4): 303-306, ago. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-734389

RESUMO

El aislamiento de las venas pulmonares mediante la aplicación de radiofrecuencia es un tratamiento efectivo de la fibrilación auricular. Una de las complicaciones potenciales y de mayor compromiso clínico de esta técnica invasiva es la estenosis de una o varias venas pulmonares. Esta complicación puede ser tratada mediante angioplastia con o sin colocación de stent, logrando una adecuada mejoría clínica, aunque con un alto índice de recurrencia por re-estenosis.


Isolation of the pulmonary veins by applying radiofrequency is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation. One of the potential complications with higher clinical compromise utilizing this invasive technique is the occurrence of stenosis of one or more pulmonary veins. This complication can be treated by angioplasty with or without stent implantation, with an adequate clinical improvement, but with a high rate of restenosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angioplastia , Ablação por Cateter/efeitos adversos , Veias Pulmonares/patologia , Constrição Patológica/etiologia , Constrição Patológica/terapia , Stents
12.
Insuf. card ; 8(4): 151-156, nov. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-708504

RESUMO

Introducción. El ecocardiograma es el método de elección para evaluar la severidad de la estenosis aórtica (EA), pero a menudo existen discrepancias entre los parámetros ecocardiográficos. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue evaluar la correlación entre los parámetros ecocardiográficos utilizados para graduar la severidad de la estenosis aórtica: área valvular aórtica (AVA), gradiente transvalvular medio (GM) y velocidad sistólica máxima (VM), y valorar la discordancia entre el AVA y el GM para el diagnóstico de EA severa. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron de forma consecutiva pacientes a los que se les realizó un ecocardiograma transtorácico como parte del seguimiento de su estenosis aórtica. Se calculó el AVA por ecuación de continuidad, el AVA indexado (AVAi), la VM y el GM con Doppler continuo. Mediante el método de correlación bivariada se obtuvo el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson entre las variables AVA y AVAi-GM, AVA y AVAi-VM. Se consideró una p<0,05, estadísticamente significativa. Además, se dividió a la población en 4 grupos de acuerdo a los siguientes parámetros ecocardiográficos, AVA ≥1 cm² y <1cm²; AVAi ≥0,6 cm²/m² y <0,6 cm²/m² y GM ≥40 mm Hg y <40 mm Hg. Las variables categóricas se expresan en porcentaje y las variables continuas en promedio y desviación estándar. Resultados. Fueron incluidos 104 pacientes con un AVA promedio de 1,24 ± 0,40 cm², AVAi promedio de 0,67 ± 0,22 cm²/m², una VM promedio de 3,34 ± 0,89 m/seg y un GM promedio de 27,9 ± 17,6 mm Hg. Hubo correlación significativa entre las variables: AVA-GM (coeficiente de correlación 0,738; p<0,01), AVA-VM (coeficiente de correlación de 0,801; p<0,01). Se mantuvo la misma correlación cuando se comparó GM y VM con AVAi. Al dividir por grupos de acuerdo al área valvular y GM, hubo discordancia de los parámetros ecocardiográficos de estenosis aórtica severa en 12,5% y 17,3%, con AVA o AVAi, respectivamente. Conclusión. Existe correlación estadística entre los parámetros ecocardiográficos para evaluar la EA, pero hay discordancia de 12,5 ó 17,3% entre el AVA o AVAi, respectivamente, y GM para valorar EA severa.


Backround. Echocardiography is the method of choice for evaluating the severity of aortic stenosis, but there are often discrepancies between echocardiographic parameters. The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between echocardiographic parameters used to grade the severity of aortic stenosis: aortic valve area (AVA), mean transvalvular gradient (MG) and peak systolic velocity (PV) and assess the discordance between AVA and mean gradient for the diagnosis of severe aortic stenosis. Material and methods. We included consecutively patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiography as part of follow up of aortic stenosis. Was calculated AVA by continuity equation, indexed AVA (iAVA), PV and MG with continuous Doppler. By the method of bivariate correlation was obtained Pearson correlation coefficient between AVA and iAVA-MG, AVA and iAVA-PV. We considered a p<0.05 statistically significant. In addition, the population was divided into 4 groups according to the following echocardiographic parameters, AVA ≥1 cm² and <1 cm²; iAVA ≥0.6 cm²/m² and <0.6 cm²/m² and GM ≥40 mm Hg and <40 mm Hg. Results. We included104 patients with a mean AVA of 1.24 ± 0.40 cm², a mean iAVA of 0.67 ± 0.22 cm²/m², a mean PV of 3.34 ± 0.89 m/sec and a mean MG of 27.9 ± 17.6 mm Hg. There was significant correlation between the variables: AVA-MG (correlation coefficient 0.738, p<0.01), AVA-PV (correlation coefficient of 0.801, p<0.01). Remained the same correlation when compared iAVA with MG and PV. Dividing into groups according to valve area and MG, there was discrepancy of echocardiographic parameters of severe aortic stenosis in 12.5% and 17.3%, with AVA or iAVA respectively. Conclusion. Statistical correlation exists between echocardiographic parameters to assess aortic stenosis, but there is disagreement of 12.5 or 17.3%, between AVA or iAVA and mean gradient respectively to assess severe aortic stenosis.


Introdução. O ecocardiograma é o método de escolha para avaliar a gravidade da estenose aórtica, mas muitas vezes há divergências entre os parâmetros ecocardiográficos. O objetivo do nosso estudo foi avaliar a correlação entre os parâmetros ecocardiográficos utilizados para classificar a gravidade da estenose aórtica: área da válvula aórtica (AVA), gradiente transvalvular médio (GM) e velocidade sistólica máxima (VM), e avaliar a discordância entre AVA e GM para o diagnóstico de estenose aórtica grave. Material e métodos. Foram incluídos consecutivamente pacientes que se submeteram a ecocardiografia transtorácica como parte do monitoramento de sua estenose aórtica. A AVA foi calculada pela equação da continuidade, a AVA indexada (AVAi), a VM e GM com Doppler continuo. Pelo método de correlação bivariada foi obtido coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre as variáveis AVA e AVAi-GM, AVA e AVAi-VM. Foi considerado uma p<0,05 estatisticamente significativa. Além disso, a população foi dividida em quatro grupos de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros ecocardiográficos, AVA ≥ 1 cm2 e <1 cm²; AVAi ≥0,6 cm²/m² e <0,6 cm²/m² e GM ≥40 mm Hg e < 40 mm Hg. As variáveis categóricas foram expressas em porcentagens e as variáveis contínuas em média e desvio padrão. Resultados. Foram incluídos 104 pacientes com uma AVA média de 1,24 ± 0,40 cm², AVAi média de 0,67 ± 0,22 cm²/m², uma VM média de 3,34 ± 0,89 m/seg e um GM média de 27,9 ± 17,6 mm Hg. Houve correlação significativa entre as variáveis: AVA-GM (coeficiente de correlação 0,738, p<0,01), AVA-VM (coeficiente de correlação de 0,801, p<0,01). Mesma correlação foi mantida quando comparado GM e VM com AVAi. Dividindo-se em grupos de acordo com a área da válvula e GM, houve discordância de parâmetros ecocardiográficos de estenose aórtica grave em 12,5% e 17,3%, com AVA ou AVAi, respectivamente. Conclusão. Existe correlação estatística entre os parâmetros ecocardiográficos para avaliar ...

15.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(4): 366-368, July-Aug. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-633877

RESUMO

Se describe una paciente de 82 años de edad, con síntomas de insuficiencia cardíaca avanzada e hipertensión arterial pulmonar. Un ecocardiograma transtorácico mostró una comunicación interauricular tipo ostium secundum y estenosis valvular mitral concomitante (síndrome de Lutembacher). La valoración ecocardiográfica de la enfermedad mitral se vio dificultada por la presencia del defecto interauricular. Se realizó test de oclusión percutánea transitoria de la comunicación interauricular, observándose la aparición de estenosis valvular mitral grave. El tamaño del defecto interauricular modificó las manifestaciones clínicas y el test de oclusión transitoria ayudó a decidir la conducta terapéutica.


We report the case of an 82 year-old woman with symptoms of advanced heart failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension. An echocardiogram showed an ostium secundum type atrial septal defect and concomitant mitral valve stenosis (Lutembacher syndrome). Echocardiographic assessment of mitral pathology was hampered by the interatrial septal defect. Transient percutaneous occlusion test of the atrial septal defect was performed and severe mitral valve stenosis was detected. Atrial septal defect size modified the clinical manifestations and the transient occlusion test helped to decide the therapeutic strategy.


Assuntos
Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Comunicação Interatrial , Síndrome de Lutembacher , Estenose da Valva Mitral , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Hipertensão Pulmonar/etiologia
17.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 70(4): 339-342, ago. 2010. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-633763

RESUMO

La fibrilación auricular es el trastorno del ritmo más frecuente luego de la cirugía cardíaca. En estudios previos se ha asociado a prolongación de la internación, aumento en los costos e incremento en la mortalidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la prevalencia de fibrilación auricular en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca y determinar el efecto en el tiempo de estadía hospitalaria. Se analizaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca consecutivamente (de revascularización miocárdica, valvulares o ambas) entre enero 2006 y noviembre 2008. El punto final evaluado en el postoperatorio fue la presencia de fibrilación auricular. Se dividió a la muestra en dos grupos según tuvieran o no fibrilación auricular, y se compararon las variables clínicas y el tiempo de estadía hospitalaria. Ciento setenta y dos pacientes fueron operados en este período. Se excluyeron del análisis siete pacientes por falta de datos. La edad media fue 64.2 ± 9.5 años, con predominio del sexo masculino. La fibrilación auricular fue la complicación más frecuente (23.6%). El tiempo promedio de internación fue 6.7 ± 4.6 días. No hubo diferencias relevantes al comparar la estadía hospitalaria entre los grupos con o sin fibrilación auricular, 7.5 ± 4.1 días vs. 6.5 ± 4.7 días respectivamente, p = 0.21. La presencia de fibrilación auricular no prolongó la hospitalización. Probablemente una estrategia de prevención indiscriminada no sería costo-efectiva.


Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder after cardiac surgery. In previous studies it has been associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased costs and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery and its impact on the hospitalization period. Medical records of consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, valvular, or both) between January 2006 and November 2008 were included and retrospectively analyzed. Primary outcome was the presence of postoperative atrial fibrillation. The sample was divided into two groups, with and without atrial fibrillation in the postoperative. The clinical variables and length of hospital stay were compared between both groups. A total of 172 patients underwent surgery in this period. Seven patients were excluded from analysis due to lack of data. The mean age was 64.2 ± 9.5 years, and they were predominantly male. Atrial fibrillation was the most common complication (23.6%). The average length hospital stay was 6.7 ± 4.6 days. There were no significant differences between both groups, with atrial fibrillation (7.5 ± 4.1 days), and without (6.5 ± 4.7 days), p = 0.21. The presence of atrial fibrillation did not prolong hospitalization. Probably, such strategy of prevention would not be cost-effective.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fibrilação Atrial/etiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Fibrilação Atrial/prevenção & controle , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
18.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 78(3): 251-251, mayo-jun. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634174
19.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 69(5): 526-528, sep.-oct. 2009. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-633675

RESUMO

Los síndromes coronarios agudos sin elevación del segmento ST (SCA-SST) son causa frecuente de hospitalización, siendo responsables del 10 al 15% de infartos de miocardio (IM) o muertes al año. El objetivo fue evaluar eventos cardiovasculares a 6 meses de seguimiento y validar el score de riesgo TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) en nuestra población. Se analizaron retrospectivamente pacientes con diagnóstico de SCA-SST. Se realizó seguimiento telefónico a los 6 meses del ingreso. Los puntos finales evaluados fueron la combinación de muerte, internación por síndrome coronario agudo y necesidad de revascularización. Se incluyeron 204 pacientes. El 70.2% eran hombres, edad promedio de 64.5 ± 11.8 años. Luego de la evaluación inicial, se hizo diagnóstico de angina inestable en el 34.6%, IM en 38.9% y el 26.4% fueron catalogados como "dolor no coronario". Al aplicar el score de TIMI, 52 (25.5%) pacientes tenían riesgo bajo, 106 (52%) riesgo intermedio, y 46 (22.5%) riesgo alto. La mortalidad global fue 12.6%. Se encontró un incremento progresivo y significativo en la tasa de eventos combinados a medida que aumentaba el score de TIMI (p < 0.001). Concluimos que, en nuestra población, encontramos de gran utilidad al score de riesgo TIMI, ya que los pacientes con score intermedio y alto se correlacionaron con nuevos eventos cardiovasculares a 6 meses de seguimiento.


Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) are frequent cause of hospitalization, being responsible for 10-15% of infarcts or deaths per year. The study was designed to analyze 6 months follow-up of cardiovascular events as well as to validate the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score for patients hospitalized for NSTE-ACS. We retrospectively analyzed patients admitted with NSTE-ACS. Telephone follow-up were performed at 6 month. Combination of death, re-admission for acute coronary syndrome and revascularization were considered as end point. Two hundred and four patients were included for the analysis. There were 70.2% males, with a mean age of 64.5 ± 11.8 years. After the initial evaluation, we diagnosed unstable angina in 34.6% of cases, MI in 38.9% of cases, and 26.4% of patients were categorized as "non coronary chest pain". Applying the TIMI risk score, 52 (25.5%) patients had low risk, 106 (52%) intermediated risk, and 46 (22.5%) high risk. The global mortality was 12.3%. We found a progressively and significant increase in the rate of combined events as the TIMI score increase (p < 0.001). We conclude that in our population, the intermediated and high TIMI risk score was well related to newer cardiovascular events at 6 month follow-up.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/mortalidade , Biomarcadores/sangue , Creatina Quinase Forma MB/sangue , Seguimentos , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Troponina T/sangue
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